Chinese Traditional Kite Craft(2) 中國傳統風箏(2)

The Ming ( 1368-1644 ) and Qin dynasties, were the peak period of the Chinese kite. The kites underwent great development in size, design, decoration and flying skills. Literators at that time made kite by themselves, and sent to relatives and friends as a gitf, regarding it a literary pursuit. In recent years, kite flying has publicized as a sports activity as well as entertainment.
To make a kite, first, the right kind of bamboo strips must be selected for the frame. It should be thick and strong for a kite if large dimensions in order to stand the wing pressure. The regular paper or sometimes silk is used to cover the frame. Silk kites, especially, are more durable and generally of higher artistic value. Third, painting the kite may be done in each way. Kites could be generally divided into two catefories: the Hard Wing and the Soft Wing. The Hard Wing can endure more air pressure and competitively fly higher, whilst the latter can fly farther,although it can not fly as high. In patterns, besides the traditional ones of animals, birds,worms, fishes,new patterns if human images emerged in modern times.
China has a large area of territory. As a traditional culture and folk art, the kite has formed unique style of different regions during its development, among which the most famous ones are the styles of Beijing, Tianjin, Weifang in Shandong Province, Sichuan and Guangdong.

明清時代(西元1368-1911年)是中國風箏發展的鼎盛時期,明清風箏在大小、樣式、紮制技術、裝飾和放飛技藝上都有了超越前代的巨大進步。當時的文人親手紮繪風箏,除自己放飛外,還贈送親友,並認為這是一種極為風雅的活動。近年來,中國的風箏事業得到了長足的發展,放風箏開始作為體育運動專案和健身娛樂活動普及起來。
中國風箏以細竹紮成骨架,再糊以紙或絹製作而成。風箏的種類主要分為「硬翅」和「軟翅」兩類。「硬翅」風箏翅膀堅硬,吃風大,飛得高。「軟翅」風箏柔軟,飛不高,但是飛得遠。在樣式上,除了傳統的禽、獸、蟲、魚外,近代還發展出了人物風箏等新樣式。中國地域遼闊、風箏作為中國的傳統文化和民間藝術,在長期發展過程中,產生出許多具有不同地域特色的種類、樣式和流派。其中以北京、天津、山東濰坊、四川、廣東所制的風箏最為著名。

zhōng guó chuán tǒng fēng zhēng (2)

míng qīng shí dài (gōng yuán 1368-1911nián )shì zhōng guó fēng zhēng fā zhǎn de dǐng shèng shí qī ,míng qīng fēng zhēng zài dà xiǎo 、yàng shì 、zhā zhì jì shù 、zhuāng shì hé fàng fēi jì yì shàng dōu yǒu le chāo yuè qián dài de jù dà jìn bù 。dāng shí de wén rén qīn shǒu zhā huì fēng zhēng ,chú zì jǐ fàng fēi wài ,hái zèng sòng qīn yǒu ,bìng rèn wéi zhè shì yī zhǒng jí wéi fēng yǎ de huó dòng 。jìn nián lái ,zhōng guó de fēng zhēng shì yè dé dào le cháng zú de fā zhǎn ,fàng fēng zhēng kāi shǐ zuò wéi tǐ yù yùn dòng xiàng mù hé jiàn shēn yú lè huó dòng pǔ jí qǐ lái 。
zhōng guó fēng zhēng yǐ xì zhú zhā chéng gǔ jià ,zài hú yǐ zhǐ huò juàn zhì zuò ér chéng 。fēng zhēng de zhǒng lèi zhǔ yào fēn wéi 「yìng chì 」hé 「ruǎn chì 」liǎng lèi 。「yìng chì 」fēng zhēng chì bǎng jiān yìng ,chī fēng dà ,fēi dé gāo 。「ruǎn chì 」fēng zhēng róu ruǎn ,fēi bú gāo ,dàn shì fēi dé yuǎn 。zài yàng shì shàng ,chú le chuán tǒng de qín 、shòu 、chóng 、yú wài ,jìn dài hái fā zhǎn chū le rén wù fēng zhēng děng xīn yàng shì 。zhōng guó dì yù liáo kuò 、fēng zhēng zuò wéi zhōng guó de chuán tǒng wén huà hé mín jiān yì shù ,zài cháng qī fā zhǎn guò chéng zhōng ,chǎn shēng chū xǔ duō jù yǒu bù tóng dì yù tè sè de zhǒng lèi 、yàng shì hé liú pài 。qí zhōng yǐ běi jīng 、tiān jīn 、shān dōng wéi fāng 、sì chuān 、guǎng dōng suǒ zhì de fēng zhēng zuì wéi zhù míng 。