A Treasure-house of East Buddhist Art, A Bridge Pearl of World Culture Heritages(2)東方佛教藝術的寶庫 世界文化遺產的明珠(2)

mong the caves of Northern Wei Dynasty, Guyang Cave, Middle Bingyang Cave, Lotus Cave and Shikusi Cave are representative ones of high value. Guyang Cave concentrated images from a group of imperial families and nobles in early period of moving the capital to Luoyang fo Northern Wei Dynasty, which typically reflected that Nothern Wei Dynasty believed in Buddhism. These stone-carved works embody of the style of gandharvas which firstly appeared after the art of buddhist caves was transmitted in to Luoyang. Therefore they are precious fusion of Chinese traditional culture and foreign civilization. The open niche, carved in accordance with the Avatamsaka Sutra, with the graceful, poised and grand Buddha Vairocana as the center, with a group of vivid sculptures around, has expressed the auspicious and prosperous artistic conception of Buddhist world incisively and vividly.
Because the magnificent and profound atmosphere of the grottoes affect people who wish happy life, Longmen zone with Buddhist images as principal part has attracted people to come with admiration. Today Xiangshan Temple on the East Hill at Longmen, with pines and cypresses around, was built by imperial court for burying the famous Indian Monk Dipeoluo in Wuzhou Period. During more than one hundred years since that time Xiangshan Temple had been so prosperous that the poet, Bai Juyi of the middle times of Tang Dynasty, well known home and abroad, male up “nine people of Xiangshan hill” with Monk Ruman, and so on, to compose and sing poetry as a hermit in the temple. In the sixth years of Huichang Bai Juyi died in his hometown, Ludaoli of Luoyang and was buried beside the pagoda for Monk Ruman in Xiangshan Temple. Today Bai Juyi’s tomb to the north of Xiangshan Temple is the best place for visitors to condole with the great poet.

在北魏時期雕鑿的眾多洞窟中,以古陽洞、賓陽中洞、蓮花洞和石窟寺這幾個洞窟最有代表的價值。其中古陽洞中的一批皇室貴族和宮廷大臣的造像,典型的反映出北魏王朝舉國佞佛的歷史情態。這些形制瑰異、琳琅滿目的石刻作品,代表著石窟寺藝術流入洛陽以後最早出現的一種犍陀羅佛教美術風格。因此,他們是中國傳統文化與城外文明交匯融合的珍貴記錄。
由於石窟雕刻恢弘壯觀、博大精深的藝術氣息感染著祈求人生幸福的芸芸眾生,以佛教造像為主體的龍門地區便吸引著眾多善男信女慕其名望流連忘返。今日龍門東山掩映在蒼松翠柏之中的香山寺即是武周時代封建王朝為安置印度來華高僧地婆柯羅遺身而建立的一座佛教寺院。在以後的一百多年中,香山寺法音綿曆、香火熾盛,以致中唐時代享譽中外的文化名人白居易竟以居士情結與如滿和尚等人結為「香山九老」唱酬於該寺的堂上林下、晨煙夕藹。會昌六年白居易卒於洛陽履道裏故居,遺體葬於香山寺如滿大師塔側。今日香山寺北側的白居易墓園,便是各地遊客憑吊這一歷史文化名人的最佳場所。

dōng fāng fó jiāo yì shù de bǎo kù shì jiè wén huà yí chǎn de míng zhū (2)

zài běi wèi shí qī diāo záo de zhòng duō dòng kū zhōng ,yǐ gǔ yáng dòng 、bīn yáng zhōng dòng 、lián huā dòng hé shí kū sì zhè jǐ gè dòng kū zuì yǒu dài biǎo de jià zhí 。qí zhōng gǔ yáng dòng zhōng de yī pī huáng shì guì zú hé gōng tíng dà chén de zào xiàng ,diǎn xíng de fǎn yìng chū běi wèi wáng cháo jǔ guó nìng fó de lì shǐ qíng tài 。zhè xiē xíng zhì guī yì 、lín láng mǎn mù de shí kè zuò pǐn ,dài biǎo zhe shí kū sì yì shù liú rù luò yáng yǐ hòu zuì zǎo chū xiàn de yī zhǒng jiān tuó luó fó jiāo měi shù fēng gé 。yīn cǐ ,tā men shì zhōng guó chuán tǒng wén huà yǔ chéng wài wén míng jiāo huì róng hé de zhēn guì jì lù 。
yóu yú shí kū diāo kè huī hóng zhuàng guān 、bó dà jīng shēn de yì shù qì xī gǎn rǎn zhe qí qiú rén shēng xìng fú de yún yún zhòng shēng ,yǐ fó jiāo zào xiàng wéi zhǔ tǐ de lóng mén dì qū biàn xī yǐn zhe zhòng duō shàn nán xìn nǚ mù qí míng wàng liú lián wàng fǎn 。jīn rì lóng mén dōng shān yǎn yìng zài cāng sōng cuì bǎi zhī zhōng de xiāng shān sì jí shì wǔ zhōu shí dài fēng jiàn wáng cháo wèi ān zhì yìn dù lái huá gāo sēng dì pó kē luó yí shēn ér jiàn lì de yī zuò fó jiāo sì yuàn 。zài yǐ hòu de yī bǎi duō nián zhōng ,xiāng shān sì fǎ yīn mián lì 、xiāng huǒ chì shèng ,yǐ zhì zhōng táng shí dài xiǎng yù zhōng wài de wén huà míng rén bái jū yì jìng yǐ jū shì qíng jié yǔ rú mǎn hé shàng děng rén jié wéi 「xiāng shān jiǔ lǎo 」chàng chóu yú gāi sì de táng shàng lín xià 、chén yān xī ǎi 。huì chāng liù nián bái jū yì zú yú luò yáng lǚ dào lǐ gù jū ,yí tǐ zàng yú xiāng shān sì rú mǎn dà shī tǎ cè 。jīn rì xiāng shān sì běi cè de bái jū yì mù yuán ,biàn shì gè dì yóu kè píng dìao zhè yī lì shǐ wén huà míng rén de zuì jiā chǎng suǒ 。